L3+Mayes,+Cidney

**COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, HEALTH AND REHABILITATION**
 * **UNIVERSITY OF MAINE AT FARMINGTON**

**LESSON PLAN FORMAT**

**__Teacher’s Name__****:** Miss Mayes **__Lesson #:__** 3 **__Facet:__** Perspective **__Grade Level__****:** 11-12 **__Numbers of Days:__** 2-3 **__Topic:__** Literature

**__PART I:__**

**__Objectives__** Student will understand that multiple themes develop over the course of the text. Student will know the vocabulary "theme", "heroism vs. love", "jealousy", "appearance vs. reality", and "women and sexuality," and the characters Desdemona, Othello, Iago, and Roderigo. Student will be able to analyze the development of themes throughout //Othello.// Product: Webspiration

**__Maine Learning Results (MLR) or Common Core State Standards (CCSS) Alignment__** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Common Core State Standards <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Content Area: Literature <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Grade Level: 11-12 <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Domain: Literature <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Standard: Key Ideas and Details <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Cluster: 1,2,3 <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Text: //Othello// by William Shakespeare

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Rationale:** Students will explore the development of themes over the course of the text by analyzing Acts III and IV of //Othello//. Students will understand that themes and characters are connected, and that themes become more developed over the course of //Othello.//

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**__Assessments__**

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**__Formative (Assessment for Learning)__** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Section I – checking for understanding during instruction** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Students will create a mind map that connects themes, events, and characters after being grouped into Numbered Heads Together groups.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Section II – timely feedback for products (self, peer, teacher)** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Students will go through a peer-review process in which peers offer positive, constructive feedback for each Webspiration Web. The teacher will use a checklist to evaluate and assess student Webs.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**__Summative (Assessment of Learning):__** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Students will choose groups of either 2 or 3 in which to create a web using the online tool Webspiration, or the Inspiration program found on all MLTI laptops. The students' web will connect key themes, details, and characters. Students will use their ideas from their mind maps to make more concrete connections and develop more ideas from the help of their peers.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**__Integration__** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Technology:** Students will use the web 2.0 tool Webspiration, or the Inspiration program found on all MLTI laptops, to create a visual web than connects key ideas, themes, characters, events, and details.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**__Groupings__** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Section I - Graphic Organizer & Cooperative Learning used during instruction** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Students will use a whiteboard or blank piece of paper to create a mind map. Students will be put in Numbered Heads Together groups, so that there are 4 students in each group.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Section II – Groups and Roles for Product** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Each student will have the responsibility to use the technology and contribute to the group. Each student must make at least four connections on the Web, and will indicate their connections by putting their initials in the space that connects ideas.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**__Differentiated Instruction__**

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**__MI Strategies__** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Logical**: Students will analyze why certain details support themes and character development. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Visual**: Students will create a mind map before using the digital Webspiration tool. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Kinesthetic**: Students will form a physical web about 1 key idea using their bodies. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Musical**: Students will record their ideas for their webs using audio recording software. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Intrapersonal**: Students will update their journals with their thoughts on how the themes are developing in the text, and make predictions for their outcomes. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Interpersonal**: Students will discuss ideas for their Webspirations in groups.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**__Modifications/Accommodations__** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**//From IEP’s ( Individual Education Plan), 504’s, ELLIDEP (English Language Learning Instructional Delivery Education Plan)//** //I will review student’s IEP, 504 or ELLIDEP and make appropriate modifications and accommodations.//

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Plan for accommodating absent students:** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Students will be emailed the link to the class information from the class website. The class agenda, instructions for the Webspiration product, and checklist for assessment will be posted there. I will ask the absent student to complete the assignment independently, since all students have the Inspiration program on their laptops, and turn it in as close to the due date as possible. Students who feel they can skype into the class will do so, and will skype with a group in order to complete the activity.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**__Extensions__**

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Type II technology:** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Students will work collaboratively to link thoughts and ideas together, and to make connections between characters, events, and themes in //Othello// through Webspiration or Inspiration.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Gifted Students:** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Gifted students will be instructed to make connections between the events, themes, and characters of //O// as well as those of //Othello.// These connections will be included in the same mind map.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**__Materials, Resources and Technology__** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">//List all the items you need for the lesson.//
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Laptops
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">LCD projector
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Film clips from //O//
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Inspiration and/or Webspiration
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Whiteboard
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Whiteboard markers
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">White paper
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Markers/colored pencils
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Copies of //Othello//

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**__Source for Lesson Plan and Research__** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">//List all URL and describe.//

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Example of Mind Mapping** [|http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zDZFcDGpL4U]

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Example of Web from Inspiration** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Tutorial on Inspiration** http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Iu5etiAsRIc

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Character Analysis** [] []

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Themes in Othello** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">[] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">[]

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Definitions:** []

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**//Othello// text** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">ONLINE TEXT: [] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">KINDLE DOWNLOAD: [] **($5.99 for Kindle download)** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">ONLINE TEXT: [|http://books.google.com/books?id=qFLLDlKEfhkC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">AUDIO BOOK: [] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">HARD COPY: Folger edition of //Othello//

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**__PART II:__**

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**__Teaching and Learning Sequence__** **(Describe the teaching and learning process using all of the information from part I of the lesson plan)** //Take all the components and synthesize into a script of what you are doing as the teacher and what the learners are doing throughout the lesson. Need to use all the WHERETO’s. (3-5 pages)//

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">The classroom will be arranged in clusters to allow for group work and discussion.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Day 1**
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Hook: Teacher will show clips from the film //O// (20 minutes)
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Students will write down their initial responses to the clips prior to the class discussion. (10 minutes)
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Teacher will place students in Numbered-Heads-Together groups and give instructions to create a mind map. (10 minutes)
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Teacher will show example of mind mapping from RSA Animate. (10 minutes)
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Students will work on their mind maps (25 minutes)
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Students will share out their mind maps to the class (5 minutes)

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Day 2**
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Students will choose their groups of two or three, and arrange their desks accordingly. (5 minutes)
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Teacher will explain the task of creating a web using Inspiration, will show an example, and answer questions. (15 minutes)
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Students will be given different strategies for creating their mind maps. (15 minutes)
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Teacher will direct students to work on the webs for the remainder of class. (45 minutes)

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Students will understand that multiple themes develop over the course of the text. //Key Ideas and Details//. Connecting the themes, characters, details, and events from Shakespeare's //Othello// using a visual medium will teacher students about the connecting elements of story and that themes are complex and require development. The teacher will show clips from the film //O// directed by Tim Blake Nelson. This film takes the plot of //Othello// and sets it in a modern day, elite private school in the southern United States. Students will be able to see the connections between these fictional high school characters and the original characters in Shakespeare's work. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Where, Why, What, Hook Tailors:** Visual, Logical

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Students will know that the themes that appear in Shakespeare's //Othello// are enduring and can be applied to our lives today, as well as <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">the vocabulary "theme", "heroism vs. love", "jealousy", "appearance vs. reality", and "women and sexuality." **See content notes.** After viewing the film clips, students will reflect on the scenes shown and draw connections between this film and //Othello.// Next, students will be placed in Numbered-Heads-Together groups by the teacher. The teacher will show an example of a mind map using a YouTube video from RSA Animate. The teacher will ask if there are questions about the assignment. Students will then draw a mind map using either paper or a whiteboard to connect key characters, ideas, details, events, and themes. Students will be given to the end of class to work on their maps. the teacher will walk around the room to check in with each group. The following class, students will choose their groups of two or three for the next project. The teacher will shown an example of a web created in Inspiration. Students will be given a choice to either form a physical web about 1 key idea using their bodies, or record their ideas for their webs using audio recording software before working on the final product.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;"> Students will then finalize their mind maps using Inspiration to make connections us ing themes, and be given until the end of class to complete their web. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Equip, Explore, Rethink, Revise, Tailors:** Visual, Verbal, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal, Logical, Kinesthetic

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Students will be able to make connections between the events, characters, and themes in //Othello// through a visual medium. Students will analyze the development of themes and evaluate how they connect to the work as a whole. The final product will utilize student ability to formalize their thinking process, and synthesize a variety of information. Students will be grouped in twos or threes, and students will choose their own groups. Each member of the group will have the responsibility of using the technology and contributing four or more connections to use in the web. Students who understand the themes that occur in //Othello// and who are able to make the connection between those themes and the characters and events of the book will have a rich visual representation of their thinking process. Students will be assessed via checklist, and be given the opportunity to revise their work should they choose to do so after the teacher has assessed their webs. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Explore, Experience, Revise, Refine, Tailors:**Visual**,** Interpersonal, Logical

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">The teacher will post the checklist and the written directions for the project on the class website. Students assess their work as a group with the checklist provided by the teacher. After completing it, the group will email their checklist to the teacher. Students will post their completed webs to the class website, and the teacher will assess them with the checklist.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">The checklist will include the following criteria for the teams: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Students will continue to build upon their knowledge of the themes in //Othello// as we read the book.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Each group member made at least 4 connections between characters, events, and themes.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">At lease 2 characters are present in the web.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">At least 3 themes are present in the web.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Correct spelling and grammar were used.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">The finished product was posted to the class website.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Evaluate, Tailors:** Interpersonal, Visual

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**__Content Notes__** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Students will know that the themes that appear in Shakespeare's //Othello// develop over the course of the text, as well as the vocabulary "theme", "heroism vs. love", "jealousy", "appearance vs. realiry", and "women and sexuality".

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**//O// Film Clips** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">The teacher will have posted the links to the film clips on the Coursekit, and will have them loaded and ready to play when the students enter the room. The teacher will explain that we will be watching clips from film, and instruct them to pay attention to the themes that were discussed last class.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Discussion on Themes and Connections** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">After the students have watched the film clips, the teacher will ask the students to share some of the connections they made between //O// and //Othello// and their themes. The teacher will review the following terms and vocabulary, integrating it into the discussion and making sure that all students are familiar with the terms. >> **Othello predicates his success in love on his success as a soldier**, wooing Desdemona with tales of his military travels and battles. Once the Turks are drowned—by natural rather than military might—Othello is left without anything to do. >> One might well say that Othello is saying farewell to the wrong things—he is entirely preoccupied with his identity as a soldier. But his way of thinking is somewhat justified by its seductiveness to the audience as well. Critics and audiences alike find comfort and nobility in Othello’s final speech and the anecdote of the “malignant and. . . turbaned Turk” (V.ii. <span class="small-caps" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">362 <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">), even though in that speech, as in his speech in Act III, scene iii, Othello depends on his identity as a soldier to glorify himself in the public’s memory, and to try to make his audience forget his and Desdemona’s disastrous marital experiment. >> Othello is also not the only character in <span class="ital" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Othello <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;"> to feel jealousy. Both Iago and <span class="inline-character" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Roderigo <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;"> act to destroy Othello out of jealousy, with disastrous consequences. >> Meanwhile, <span class="inline-character" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Iago <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">’s wife, <span class="inline-character" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Emilia <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">, complicates the simple contract between the Madonna and the whore. Initially, she wants to please her husband—and does so by stealing Desdemona’s handkerchief, knowing that he has long hankered after it. Yet she is not wholly loyal, and even tells Desdemona in 4.3 that she believes many women, including she herself, would cheat on their husbands under certain circumstances. And, finally, she proves her own, independent virtue by defending Desdemona’s virtue and revealing her husband’s crimes in the process. So while womanhood in <span class="ital" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Othello <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;"> is, therefore, often defined by men in terms of pure virtue or voracious and deceptive sexuality, the play ultimately shows that real women are far more complex. >> In <span class="ital" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Othello <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">, Shakespeare plays with the idea of unreliable reality in a number of ways. The language of the play, which time and again refers to dreams, trances, and vision, constantly highlights the way in which what seems to be real may actually be fake. In addition, Shakespeare extends the theme of appearance vs. reality to include the art of play writing and acting. As he develops his plot against Othello, Iago creates scenes within scenes. He sets up encounters between two characters and putting a third in the position of a spectator. For instance, he has Othello watch <span class="inline-character" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Cassio <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;"> and Desdemona speak, and he has Othello watch him speak with Cassio about <span class="inline-character" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Bianca <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">. In each case, Iago manipulates Othello so that Othello sees the appearance that Iago wants him to see, rather than the reality of what is actually happening. In this way, Iago becomes a kind of “director”—he even directly addresses the audience through his many soliloquies—and Shakespeare draws attention to the way that a playwright and actors create an appearance onstage that tricks the audience into seeing something other than reality.
 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Theme __
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;"> a central topic, subject, or concept that the author is trying to point out
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">NOT message or moral
 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Heroism vs. love __
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Before and above all else, Othello is a soldier. From the earliest moments in the play, his **career affects his married life**. Asking “fit disposition” for his wife after being ordered to Cyprus (I.iii. <span class="small-caps" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">234 <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">), Othello notes that “the tyrant custom . . . / Hath made the flinty and steel couch of war / My thrice-driven bed of down” (I.iii. <span class="small-caps" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">227–229 <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">). While Desdemona is used to better “accommodation,” she nevertheless accompanies her husband to Cyprus (I.iii. <span class="small-caps" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">236 <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">). Moreover, she is unperturbed by the tempest or Turks that threatened their crossing, and genuinely curious rather than irate when she is roused from bed by the drunken brawl in Act II, scene iii. She is, indeed, Othello’s “fair warrior,” and he is happiest when he has her by his side in the midst of military conflict or business (II.i. <span class="small-caps" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">179 <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">). The military also provides Othello with a means to gain **acceptance in Venetian society**. While the Venetians in the play are generally fearful of the prospect of Othello’s social entrance into white society through his marriage to Desdemona, all **Venetians respect and honor him as a soldier**. Mercenary Moors were, in fact, commonplace at the time.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">__Jealousy__
 * <span class="inline-character" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Iago <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;"> refers to jealousy as the “green-eyed monster.” As this metaphor suggests, **jealousy is closely associated with the theme of appearance and reality.** For instance, at one point **<span class="inline-character" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Othello <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;"> demands that Iago provide “ocular proof” of <span class="inline-character" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Desdemona’s **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;"> **infidelity—he demands to see reality**. But Iago instead provides the circumstantial evidence of the handkerchief, which Othello, consumed by his jealousy, accepts as a substitute for “ocular proof.” **Othello’s jealousy impedes his ability to distinguish between reality and appearance.** While the prejudiced characters in the play denigrate Othello as an animal or a beast based on his race, Othello’s obvious honor and intelligence makes these attacks obviously ridiculous. **Yet when Othello is overcome by jealousy, he does become beast-like,** falling into epileptic fits that rob him of the ability to speak intelligibly.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">__Women and Sexuality__
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Two contrasting images of womanhood dominate <span class="ital" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Othello <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">: the virtuous and loyal woman, or Madonna, embodied by <span class="inline-character" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Desdemona <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">; and the whore, embodied, to a certain extent by <span class="inline-character" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Bianca <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">. Yet over the course of the play, it becomes clear that these two different ways of describing women don’t actually apply to real women. Instead, they are male fantasies imposed on women—ideals that men want woman to fulfill, and roles that women therefore purposefully play for men. For instance, Desdemona often describes her devotion to <span class="inline-character" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Othello <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;"> in front of other people, underscoring that, even though she does love him very deeply, she is to a certain extent playing the role of the virtuous wife. Iago then stokes Othello’s jealousy in part by forcing Othello to realize that there is no way for a man to tell the difference between a truly virtuous wife and one who is just playing the role of virtuous wife while actually acting as a whore and being unfaithful.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">__Appearance vs. Reality__
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">The tragic plot of <span class="ital" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Othello <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;"> hinges on the ability of the villain, <span class="inline-character" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Iago <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">, to mislead other characters, particularly <span class="inline-character" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Roderigo <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;"> and <span class="inline-character" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Othello <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">, by encouraging them to misinterpret what they see. Othello is susceptible to Iago’s ploys because he himself is so honest and straightforward. As Iago puts it: “the Moor is of a free and open nature/ That thinks men honest that but seem to be so; and will as tenderly be led by th’ nose/ As asses are” (2.1.391-4)

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Numbered-Heads-Together Groups and Mind Mapping** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">The teacher should count off students so that there are approximately four students in each group. The teacher will then show the students this short film [| http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zDZFcDGpL4U]<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">from RSA Animate, and explain that this is a demonstration of mind mapping in motion. The students will create their own mind maps where they use drawn visuals and pictures to make connections between the characters, themes, events, and details in //Othello.// Students who finish early should be instructed to then make connections to the clips from //O// and add them to their mind map.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Web Making with Inspiration or Webspiration** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Students will have chosen their own groups of two or three. The teacher will ask how many students have used Inspiration before, and to what extent. The teacher will tell these students that they will be our class experts, and that if anyone has questions after the tutorial, that these students are good resources. The teacher will then pull of the example of a web on Inspiration and demonstrate some of the basics to the class, like how to change the color of bubbles and the different methods of organizing their webs. The teacher may refer to this tutorial ( http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Iu5etiAsRIc)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">if they are unfamiliar with the program. The tutorial will also be posted on the Coursekit for students to refer to if necessary. Students will be instructed to use the ideas from their mind maps the previous day to create a more finite product using either Inspiration or the online version Webspiration. The teacher will tell the students the following criteria for their webs: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Students will have until the end of class to complete their webs and submit them to the class website when they are done.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Each group member made at least 4 connections between characters, events, and themes.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">At lease 2 characters are present in the web.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">At least 3 themes are present in the web.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Correct spelling and grammar were used.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">The finished product was posted to the class website.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**__Handouts__**

//<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">There are no handouts required for this lesson //

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**__Maine Standards for Initial Teacher Certification and Rationale__**

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**//Standard 3 – Demonstrates a knowledge of the diverse ways in which students learn and develop by providing learning opportunities that support their intellectual, physical, emotional, social, and cultural development.//**

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**//__Learning Styles__//**

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**//Clipboard://** Students will use mind mapping and Inspiration to make connections and organize their thoughts through a visual medium. There will be visual demonstrations of how to complete each activity/product .<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;"> The criteria for the product will be verbally delivered, as well as be available on the class website.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**//Microscope://** Students will analyze information and draw connections between characters, theme, details, and events. Students will discuss with peers and with the teacher to deeply explore the content.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**//Puppy://** Students will be working with peers in supporting groups to help complete the assignments. The teacher will allow time for questions and will personally check in with every group to see how they are doing.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**//Beach Ball://** Students will be provided with a variety of choice and freedom in this lesson. Students can choose their own groups, and may decide whether to use Inspiration or Webspiration to make their webs. Students may choose to use either a whiteboard or paper to make their mind maps.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**//Rationale://** The diverse intellectual, physical, emotional, social, and cultural learning styles of students are met within the lesson using the Clipboard, Microscope, Puppy, and Beach Ball categories of student learning. Using activities that target the multiple intelligences allows for students with diverse learning styles to connect with the content and their higher order thinking skills.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**//Standard 4 - Plans instruction based upon knowledge of subject matter, students, curriculum goals, and learning and development theory.//**

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**//Content Knowledge://** content notes

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**//MLR or CCSS://** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Common Core State Standards <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Content Area: Literature <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Grade Level: 11-12 <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Domain: Literature <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Standard: Key Ideas and Details <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Cluster: 1,2,3 <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Text: //Othello// by William Shakespeare <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**//Facet://** Perspective

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**//Rationale://** Students will focus on Key Ideas and Details and the domain of literature through the study of themes in //Othello//. Students will make connections between the themes of the play and the characters, events, and details of the work. Students will be looking at the relation of themes and their components as a whole through visual mediums.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**//Standard 5 - Understands and uses a variety of instructional strategies and appropriate technology to meet students’ needs.//**

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**//MI Strategies://** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Logical**: Students will analyze why certain details support themes and character development. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Visual**: Students will create a mind map before using the digital Webspiration tool. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Kinesthetic**: Students will form a physical web about 1 key idea using their bodies. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Musical**: Students will record their ideas for their webs using audio recording software. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Intrapersonal**: Students will update their journals with their thoughts on how the themes are developing in the text, and make predictions for their outcomes. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**Interpersonal**: Students will discuss ideas for their Webspirations in groups.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**//Type II Technology://** Inspiration or Webspiration

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**//Rationale://** Students will work collaboratively to organize their thoughts and make connections through a visual medium. The ability to color code, arrange connections, and display thought processes visually makes this a Type II technology.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**//Standard 8 - Understands and uses a variety of formal and informal assessment strategies to evaluate and support the development of the learner.//**

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**//Formative://** Students will create a mind map to demonstrate their ability to make connections between themes and their components. The teacher will stop and ask questions and check for understanding after explanations of activities and products, as well as check in with groups during group work time.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**//Summative://** Students will choose groups of either 2 or 3 in which to create a web using the online tool Webspiration, or the Inspiration program found on all MLTI laptops. The students' web will connect key themes, details, and characters. Students will use their ideas from their mind maps to make more concrete connections and develop more ideas from the help of their peers.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**//Rationale://** Formative assessment will be used periodically throughout the lesson to make sure that all students understand the goals and expectations for the lesson, activities, and products. The summative assessment will allow students to demonstrate their ability to make connections between themes and their key components, which will be evaluated in peer groups and by the teacher via checklist. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;"> ||  || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">About · Blog · [|Pricing] · Privacy · Terms · [|**Support**] · [|**Upgrade**] <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Contributions to http://edu221spring11class.wikispaces.com are licensed under a [|Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike 3.0 License].
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